Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR)
LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) is an independent, safety-critical detection system used to enhance tram safety by identifying obstacles, vehicles, and personnel in the tram’s path and surrounding operating environment.
The system uses laser-based ranging to continuously scan predefined areas ahead of and around the tram, creating dynamic safety zones based on speed, direction, and operating mode. When an object or person enters a protected zone, the LIDAR system provides immediate warnings or automatically initiates protective actions such as speed restriction or emergency braking, independent of the driver and primary vehicle control systems.
Features
Low-Visibility Performance
Reliable operation in night, glare, and complex urban conditions
Independent Protective Logic
Direct interface to warning and braking systems
Configurable Safety Zones
Adjustable detection areas based on speed and operating mode
Operational Challenges
Urban tramways present limited visibility and unpredictable hazards due to:
• Pedestrians, cyclists, and road vehicles in shared corridors
• Obstructed sightlines caused by street furniture and infrastructure
• Low-light, glare, fog, or adverse weather conditions
• High-risk depot and yard movements
These factors increase the likelihood of collisions and near-miss incidents.
Operational Benefits
LIDAR-based detection delivers:
• Real-time identification of obstacles and personnel
• Improved situational awareness in complex environments
• Automatic intervention to reduce or prevent collisions
• Enhanced protection for pedestrians, workers, and other road users